Project Description
Supervisors
Dr. Queenie Hoi Shan Chan (Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Earth Sciences) – Contact me
Dr. Alex Dickson, Royal Holloway University of London Department of Earth Sciences
Dr. Ashley King, Natural History Museum
Project background
Organic compounds are considered as essential requirements for life. While the high abundances of organic compounds on the surface of Earth can sustain life, their presence is not limited to the Earth. Organic molecules that are vital for terrestrial biology, such as nucleobases and amino acids, have also been identified and confirmed to be indigenous to the hosting meteorites since the 1970s.
About 4% of all recovered meteorite falls are carbonaceous chondrites that played a significant role in the origin of organic matter on Earth. The majority of organic matter (>50% of total organic carbon) in meteorites is in the form of structurally complex insoluble organic matter (IOM) carbon macromolecules.
Research methodology
This project will investigate the IOM structure within primitive meteorites newly recovered on the Earth surface by obtaining the IOM through demineralisation of the meteorites. You will investigate the Winchcombe and Tarda meteorites for their IOM contents, by correlating their mineral compositions (by SEM-EDX), to their C, N elemental abundances (by elemental analyser). You will then study the molecular structure and moieties of the IOM by synchrotron NanoInfrared and Raman spectroscopy at the diamond Light Source, in order to anticipate the initial, unaltered organic inventory delivered to our early Earth, prior to the onset of life on Earth.
Training
You will be trained in extraterrestrial sample handling, thin section preparation, SEM-EDX, Raman spectroscopy and in the highly specialised NanoIR technique. For the use of the Diamond Light Source facilities, training will be provided by the beamline chief scientist and the managers of the instruments.
Person specification
We are looking for a student with interest in laboratory analysis, and with a passion for organic geochemistry and meteorities. Laboratory experiences and some knowledge of meteorites is desirable but not essential.